Increasing exposure to outdoor light is the key to reducing the myopia (short-sightedness) epidemic in children, according to a ground-breaking research by Australian optometrists.
This was contained in a global study, published by the Brien Holden Vision Institute, an Australian nongovernment organisation. Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a refractive error, which means that the eye does not bend or refract light properly to a single focus to see images clearly.
In myopia, close objects look clear but distant objects appear blurred. In February, it was announced that half the world’s population will be short-sighted by 2050 with many at risk of blindness.
Optometrist and lead researcher on the project, Associate Professor, Scott Read, who is the director of research at QUT’s School of Optometry and Vision Science, said children need to spend more than an hour and preferably, at least, two hours a day outside to help prevent myopia from developing and progressing.
Speaking at the Australian Vision Convention in Queensland at the weekend, Professor Read said it was not ‘near work’ on computer and other screens causing myopia, but a lack of adequate outdoor light.
“While screens are contributing to children spending more time indoors than in previous years, the research shows they were not the direct cause of the increased incidence of myopia,” he said. “Optometrists need to make their patients aware that less than 60 minutes’ exposure to light outdoors per day is a risk factor for myopia.
“It looks like even for those with myopia already, increasing time outside is likely to reduce progression.” Optometry Australia president, Kate Gifford, said “this new finding is of significant importance in our endeavour to mitigate the growing rate of myopia in children.”
The global study, published by the Brien Holden Vision Institute, forecasts that 10 per cent of the world’s population will be at risk of blindness by 2050 if steps were not taken to stop myopia turning into high myopia (requiring glasses with a prescription of minus five or stronger).
The QUT study measured children’s eye growth via study participants wearing wristwatch light sensors to record light exposure and physical activity for a fortnight during warmer then colder months to give an overall measurement of their typical light exposure.
“Children exposed to the least outdoor light had faster eye growth and hence faster myopia progression,” Professor Read said.
